"hefig" meaning in Old English

See hefig in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Adjective

IPA: /ˈxe.fij/, [ˈhe.vij]
Etymology: From Proto-Germanic *habīgaz, from Proto-Indo-European *keh₂p- (“take, seize”). Germanic cognates include Old Saxon hevig, Dutch hevig, Old High German hebig, Old Norse hǫfigr. The Indo-European root is also the source of Latin capere, Old Irish cacht, Albanian kap (“grip”), Proto-Slavic *xopiti (Old Church Slavonic хапѭште (xapjǫšte), Russian ха́пать (xápatʹ)), Proto-Balto-Slavic *kap- (Lithuanian kàpteleti, Latvian kàmpt (“bite”)). Etymology templates: {{inh|ang|gem-pro|*habīgaz}} Proto-Germanic *habīgaz, {{der|ang|ine-pro|*keh₂p-||take, seize}} Proto-Indo-European *keh₂p- (“take, seize”), {{cog|osx|hevig}} Old Saxon hevig, {{cog|nl|hevig}} Dutch hevig, {{cog|goh|hebig}} Old High German hebig, {{cog|non|hǫfigr}} Old Norse hǫfigr, {{cog|la|capere}} Latin capere, {{cog|sga|cacht}} Old Irish cacht, {{cog|sq|kap||grip}} Albanian kap (“grip”), {{cog|sla-pro|*xopiti}} Proto-Slavic *xopiti, {{cog|cu|хапѭште}} Old Church Slavonic хапѭште (xapjǫšte), {{cog|ru|ха́пать}} Russian ха́пать (xápatʹ), {{cog|ine-bsl-pro|*kap-}} Proto-Balto-Slavic *kap-, {{cog|lt|kàpteleti}} Lithuanian kàpteleti, {{cog|lv|kampt|kàmpt|bite}} Latvian kàmpt (“bite”) Head templates: {{ang-adj|hefiġ|comp=hefiġra|sup=hefiġost|sup2=hefiġust|sup3=hefiġast}} hefiġ (comparative hefiġra, superlative hefiġost or hefiġust or hefiġast) Inflection templates: {{ang-adecl|hefiġ}} Forms: hefiġ [canonical], hefiġra [comparative], hefiġost [superlative], hefiġust [superlative], hefiġast [superlative], strong [table-tags], hefiġ [masculine, nominative, singular], hefiġ [feminine, nominative, singular], hefiġ [neuter, nominative, singular], hefiġne [accusative, masculine, singular], hefiġe [accusative, feminine, singular], hefiġ [accusative, neuter, singular], hefiġes [genitive, masculine, singular], hefiġre [feminine, genitive, singular], hefiġes [genitive, neuter, singular], hefiġum [dative, masculine, singular], hefiġre [dative, feminine, singular], hefiġum [dative, neuter, singular], hefiġe [instrumental, masculine, singular], hefiġre [feminine, instrumental, singular], hefiġe [instrumental, neuter, singular], hefiġe [masculine, nominative, plural], hefiġa [feminine, nominative, plural], hefiġe [feminine, nominative, plural], hefiġ [neuter, nominative, plural], hefiġe [accusative, masculine, plural], hefiġa [accusative, feminine, plural], hefiġe [accusative, feminine, plural], hefiġ [accusative, neuter, plural], hefiġra [genitive, masculine, plural], hefiġra [feminine, genitive, plural], hefiġra [genitive, neuter, plural], hefiġum [dative, masculine, plural], hefiġum [dative, feminine, plural], hefiġum [dative, neuter, plural], hefiġum [instrumental, masculine, plural], hefiġum [feminine, instrumental, plural], hefiġum [instrumental, neuter, plural], weak [table-tags], hefiġa [masculine, nominative, singular], hefiġe [feminine, nominative, singular], hefiġe [neuter, nominative, singular], hefiġan [accusative, masculine, singular], hefiġan [accusative, feminine, singular], hefiġe [accusative, neuter, singular], hefiġan [genitive, masculine, singular], hefiġan [feminine, genitive, singular], hefiġan [genitive, neuter, singular], hefiġan [dative, masculine, singular], hefiġan [dative, feminine, singular], hefiġan [dative, neuter, singular], hefiġan [instrumental, masculine, singular], hefiġan [feminine, instrumental, singular], hefiġan [instrumental, neuter, singular], hefiġan [masculine, nominative, plural], hefiġan [feminine, nominative, plural], hefiġan [neuter, nominative, plural], hefiġan [accusative, masculine, plural], hefiġan [accusative, feminine, plural], hefiġan [accusative, neuter, plural], hefiġra [genitive, masculine, plural], hefiġena [genitive, masculine, plural], hefiġra [feminine, genitive, plural], hefiġena [feminine, genitive, plural], hefiġra [genitive, neuter, plural], hefiġena [genitive, neuter, plural], hefiġum [dative, masculine, plural], hefiġum [dative, feminine, plural], hefiġum [dative, neuter, plural], hefiġum [instrumental, masculine, plural], hefiġum [feminine, instrumental, plural], hefiġum [instrumental, neuter, plural], hæfiġ [alternative], hefeġ [alternative]
  1. heavy
    Sense id: en-hefig-ang-adj-ItWSXtZG
  2. grievous, serious
    Sense id: en-hefig-ang-adj-6qZOxYaO
  3. important
    Sense id: en-hefig-ang-adj-NKmJ6z4i
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: hefiġian, hefiġlīċe, hefiġnes Related terms: habban, hebban, hæft
{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "hefiġian"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "hefiġlīċe"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "hefiġnes"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "enm",
            "2": "heviȝ",
            "3": "hevy"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle English: heviȝ, hevy",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle English: heviȝ, hevy"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "heavy"
          },
          "expansion": "English: heavy",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: heavy"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "srn",
            "2": "hebi"
          },
          "expansion": "Sranan Tongo: hebi",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Sranan Tongo: hebi"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sco",
            "2": "hivie",
            "3": "hevy",
            "4": "havy"
          },
          "expansion": "Scots: hivie, hevy, havy",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Scots: hivie, hevy, havy"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*habīgaz"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *habīgaz",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*keh₂p-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "take, seize"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *keh₂p- (“take, seize”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "osx",
        "2": "hevig"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Saxon hevig",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "hevig"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch hevig",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "goh",
        "2": "hebig"
      },
      "expansion": "Old High German hebig",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "non",
        "2": "hǫfigr"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Norse hǫfigr",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "capere"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin capere",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "cacht"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Irish cacht",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sq",
        "2": "kap",
        "3": "",
        "4": "grip"
      },
      "expansion": "Albanian kap (“grip”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "*xopiti"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *xopiti",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cu",
        "2": "хапѭште"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Church Slavonic хапѭште (xapjǫšte)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "ха́пать"
      },
      "expansion": "Russian ха́пать (xápatʹ)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-bsl-pro",
        "2": "*kap-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *kap-",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "kàpteleti"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian kàpteleti",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "kampt",
        "3": "kàmpt",
        "4": "bite"
      },
      "expansion": "Latvian kàmpt (“bite”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *habīgaz, from Proto-Indo-European *keh₂p- (“take, seize”). Germanic cognates include Old Saxon hevig, Dutch hevig, Old High German hebig, Old Norse hǫfigr. The Indo-European root is also the source of Latin capere, Old Irish cacht, Albanian kap (“grip”), Proto-Slavic *xopiti (Old Church Slavonic хапѭште (xapjǫšte), Russian ха́пать (xápatʹ)), Proto-Balto-Slavic *kap- (Lithuanian kàpteleti, Latvian kàmpt (“bite”)).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "hefiġ",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hefiġra",
      "tags": [
        "comparative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hefiġost",
      "tags": [
        "superlative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hefiġust",
      "tags": [
        "superlative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hefiġast",
      "tags": [
        "superlative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "strong",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ang-adecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hefiġ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hefiġ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hefiġ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hefiġne",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hefiġe",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hefiġ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hefiġes",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hefiġre",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hefiġes",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hefiġum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hefiġre",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hefiġum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hefiġe",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hefiġre",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hefiġe",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hefiġe",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hefiġa",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hefiġe",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hefiġ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hefiġe",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hefiġa",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hefiġe",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hefiġ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hefiġra",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hefiġra",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hefiġra",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hefiġum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hefiġum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hefiġum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hefiġum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hefiġum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hefiġum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "weak",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ang-adecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hefiġa",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hefiġe",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hefiġe",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hefiġan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hefiġan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hefiġe",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hefiġan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hefiġan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hefiġan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hefiġan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hefiġan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hefiġan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hefiġan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hefiġan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hefiġan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hefiġan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hefiġan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hefiġan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hefiġan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hefiġan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hefiġan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hefiġra",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hefiġena",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hefiġra",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hefiġena",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hefiġra",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hefiġena",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hefiġum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hefiġum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hefiġum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hefiġum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hefiġum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hefiġum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hæfiġ",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hefeġ",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "hefiġ",
        "comp": "hefiġra",
        "sup": "hefiġost",
        "sup2": "hefiġust",
        "sup3": "hefiġast"
      },
      "expansion": "hefiġ (comparative hefiġra, superlative hefiġost or hefiġust or hefiġast)",
      "name": "ang-adj"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "hefiġ"
      },
      "name": "ang-adecl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old English",
  "lang_code": "ang",
  "pos": "adj",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "habban"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "hebban"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "hæft"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "earth is heavier than the other elements.",
          "text": "Eorþe is hefiġre ōðrum ġesceaftum",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "bold_english_offsets": [
            [
              24,
              31
            ]
          ],
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              14,
              22
            ]
          ],
          "english": "Then heart's wounds are heavier,\npainful after beloved. Sorrow is renewed",
          "ref": "10th century, The Wanderer:",
          "text": "Þonne bēoð þȳ hefiġran · heortan benne,\nsāre æfter swǣsne. · Sorg bið ġenīwad,",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "heavy"
      ],
      "id": "en-hefig-ang-adj-ItWSXtZG",
      "links": [
        [
          "heavy",
          "heavy"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_english_offsets": [
            [
              13,
              20
            ]
          ],
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              13,
              19
            ]
          ],
          "english": "It is a very serious crime.",
          "text": "Hit is swīðe hefigu sċyld.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "grievous, serious"
      ],
      "id": "en-hefig-ang-adj-6qZOxYaO",
      "links": [
        [
          "grievous",
          "grievous"
        ],
        [
          "serious",
          "serious"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "important"
      ],
      "id": "en-hefig-ang-adj-NKmJ6z4i",
      "links": [
        [
          "important",
          "important"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈxe.fij/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈhe.vij]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "hefig"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Old English adjectives",
    "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Old English lemmas",
    "Old English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "Old English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Old English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
    "Old English terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Pages with 2 entries",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "hefiġian"
    },
    {
      "word": "hefiġlīċe"
    },
    {
      "word": "hefiġnes"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "enm",
            "2": "heviȝ",
            "3": "hevy"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle English: heviȝ, hevy",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle English: heviȝ, hevy"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "heavy"
          },
          "expansion": "English: heavy",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: heavy"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "srn",
            "2": "hebi"
          },
          "expansion": "Sranan Tongo: hebi",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Sranan Tongo: hebi"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sco",
            "2": "hivie",
            "3": "hevy",
            "4": "havy"
          },
          "expansion": "Scots: hivie, hevy, havy",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Scots: hivie, hevy, havy"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*habīgaz"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *habīgaz",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*keh₂p-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "take, seize"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *keh₂p- (“take, seize”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "osx",
        "2": "hevig"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Saxon hevig",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "hevig"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch hevig",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "goh",
        "2": "hebig"
      },
      "expansion": "Old High German hebig",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "non",
        "2": "hǫfigr"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Norse hǫfigr",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "capere"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin capere",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "cacht"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Irish cacht",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sq",
        "2": "kap",
        "3": "",
        "4": "grip"
      },
      "expansion": "Albanian kap (“grip”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "*xopiti"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *xopiti",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cu",
        "2": "хапѭште"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Church Slavonic хапѭште (xapjǫšte)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "ха́пать"
      },
      "expansion": "Russian ха́пать (xápatʹ)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-bsl-pro",
        "2": "*kap-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *kap-",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "kàpteleti"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian kàpteleti",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "kampt",
        "3": "kàmpt",
        "4": "bite"
      },
      "expansion": "Latvian kàmpt (“bite”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *habīgaz, from Proto-Indo-European *keh₂p- (“take, seize”). Germanic cognates include Old Saxon hevig, Dutch hevig, Old High German hebig, Old Norse hǫfigr. The Indo-European root is also the source of Latin capere, Old Irish cacht, Albanian kap (“grip”), Proto-Slavic *xopiti (Old Church Slavonic хапѭште (xapjǫšte), Russian ха́пать (xápatʹ)), Proto-Balto-Slavic *kap- (Lithuanian kàpteleti, Latvian kàmpt (“bite”)).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "hefiġ",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hefiġra",
      "tags": [
        "comparative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hefiġost",
      "tags": [
        "superlative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hefiġust",
      "tags": [
        "superlative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hefiġast",
      "tags": [
        "superlative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "strong",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ang-adecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hefiġ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hefiġ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hefiġ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hefiġne",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hefiġe",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hefiġ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hefiġes",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hefiġre",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hefiġes",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hefiġum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hefiġre",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hefiġum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hefiġe",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hefiġre",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hefiġe",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hefiġe",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hefiġa",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hefiġe",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hefiġ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hefiġe",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hefiġa",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hefiġe",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hefiġ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hefiġra",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hefiġra",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hefiġra",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hefiġum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hefiġum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hefiġum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hefiġum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hefiġum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hefiġum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "weak",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ang-adecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hefiġa",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hefiġe",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hefiġe",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hefiġan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hefiġan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hefiġe",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hefiġan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hefiġan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hefiġan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hefiġan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hefiġan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hefiġan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hefiġan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hefiġan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hefiġan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hefiġan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hefiġan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hefiġan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hefiġan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hefiġan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hefiġan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hefiġra",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hefiġena",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hefiġra",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hefiġena",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hefiġra",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hefiġena",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hefiġum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hefiġum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hefiġum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hefiġum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hefiġum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hefiġum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hæfiġ",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hefeġ",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "hefiġ",
        "comp": "hefiġra",
        "sup": "hefiġost",
        "sup2": "hefiġust",
        "sup3": "hefiġast"
      },
      "expansion": "hefiġ (comparative hefiġra, superlative hefiġost or hefiġust or hefiġast)",
      "name": "ang-adj"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "hefiġ"
      },
      "name": "ang-adecl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old English",
  "lang_code": "ang",
  "pos": "adj",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "habban"
    },
    {
      "word": "hebban"
    },
    {
      "word": "hæft"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Old English terms with quotations",
        "Old English terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "earth is heavier than the other elements.",
          "text": "Eorþe is hefiġre ōðrum ġesceaftum",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "bold_english_offsets": [
            [
              24,
              31
            ]
          ],
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              14,
              22
            ]
          ],
          "english": "Then heart's wounds are heavier,\npainful after beloved. Sorrow is renewed",
          "ref": "10th century, The Wanderer:",
          "text": "Þonne bēoð þȳ hefiġran · heortan benne,\nsāre æfter swǣsne. · Sorg bið ġenīwad,",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "heavy"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "heavy",
          "heavy"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Old English terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_english_offsets": [
            [
              13,
              20
            ]
          ],
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              13,
              19
            ]
          ],
          "english": "It is a very serious crime.",
          "text": "Hit is swīðe hefigu sċyld.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "grievous, serious"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "grievous",
          "grievous"
        ],
        [
          "serious",
          "serious"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "important"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "important",
          "important"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈxe.fij/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈhe.vij]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "hefig"
}

Download raw JSONL data for hefig meaning in Old English (11.1kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-04-18 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-04-03 using wiktextract (ada610d and ea19a0a). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.